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Integrating rigid nano-/micron-scale MOF crystals stably into flexible, multi-scale fibrous assemblies (yarns, fabrics) is a key engineering challenge in this field. It involves not just physical mixing, but complex interfacial chemistry.
In-situ Growth: The fabric is immersed in a MOF precursor solution, utilizing functional groups (e.g., hydroxyl, carboxyl) on the fiber surface as nucleation sites to induce direct growth of MOF crystals on the fibers. This method offers strong bonding and uniform coverage.
Coating Method: Pre-synthesized MOF powder is fixed onto the fabric surface using binders (e.g., polyurethane, polyacrylate, PVDF) via padding, spraying, or knife coating. This approach is simple and suitable for large-scale production.
Electrospinning: MOF particles are mixed with a polymer solution, and a composite nanofiber membrane is directly prepared via high-voltage electrospinning. This method maximizes the exposure of MOF active sites.
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