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Oxidation degradation represents the most critical challenge for MXene material reliability in industrial settings. When exposed to aqueous environments or humid air, Ti₃C₂Tₓ nanosheets progressively transform into titanium dioxide, losing their characteristic conductivity and layered structure within weeks under ambient conditions. The oxidation process typically initiates at flake edges and propagates inward, accelerated by elevated temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations.
Nanjing Mission New Materials Co.,Ltd recommends three proven stabilization strategies for MXene powder handling: First, maintain storage temperatures below -20°C for long-term preservation—our validation shows frozen aqueous dispersions retain structural integrity for over 650 days compared to just 48 hours at room temperature. Second, implement inert atmosphere packaging using argon-purged containers to eliminate oxygen exposure. Third, for aqueous dispersions, incorporate sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant at 0.5-1 wt% concentration, which adsorbs onto oxidation-prone edge sites and extends colloidal stability to over 200 days. For organic solvent-based applications, transferring MXene into DMSO, DMF, or NMP systems provides inherent oxidation resistance superior to water-based formulations.
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